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The term "proxy" is a reference to a proxy also referred to a proxy server which is a server application that acts in the role of an intermediary a client and a server on the internet. Without a proxy, a user can send a request straight to servers while the server will return the resource directly back for the client. Although this method is easy to grasp and use but using proxies has benefits including improved performance, privacy, security, and much more. In addition to providing a pass-through layer, the proxy serves as a security guardian of the internet between clients and servers.

Generally speaking, the bundled equipment of servers with proxy software installed is also often referred too as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies typically considered to be software, and specifically, in relation to web servers. This article will give a description of two types of proxies, which are forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct application, and is often confused due to the overlapping terminology.

This article will give you the information on what proxies are and the subtypes they are, as well as how they function with a range of configurations. Through this article, you'll be able to identify situations in which the use of proxies is advantageous, and decide on the right choice between reverse proxy and forward proxy, in any scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy often referred to an open proxy, serves as an intermediary for a client trying to send a request over the internet to an source server. In this case, the entire process of sending requests from the user will instead be sent via the forward proxy. Forward proxy that acts in place of the client, will examine at the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether this client is able to handle requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then deny requests or redirect it to the origin server. The client is not allowed directly access to internet. It can access only what the forward proxy allows the client to connect.

One of the most frequent uses for forward proxy services is to obtain more privacy or security when using the internet. Forward proxy connects to the internet using the user and, in doing so, it can use an alternative IP address in addition to the initial IP address of the client.

Based on how it's been configured according to the configuration forward proxy may offer a range of features and allow you to:

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  Beware of tracking ads.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on your geolocation.
  
  

Forward proxies are also employed in systems that rely on central security as well as permission-based access, such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy an administrator can grant access only to specific users to the internet, which is blocked by a common firewall. Instead of creating firewalls for the client layer which could be used by multiple computers with different configurations and environment, the firewall could be installed at the proxy layer.

It is important to remember that forward proxies need to be configured manually and reverse proxies can go unnoticed by the client. Depending on the type of IP address of a client is transmitted to the server from which it came from via the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or not.

There are several options to consider forward proxy options:

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  Apache An open-source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source server for hosting websites with the ability to forward-proxy.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It's not the full Web Server System. It is possible to refer to our step-by-step instructions to installing Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this is better suited for usage in situations like peer-topeer traffic. You may also want to learn how to setup the Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary to web servers, which handles the incoming requests of customers on behalf of the server. This server can function as a one server, or as a series of servers. Furthermore, it could be used as an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any event, a request would come via the internet at large. Typically, the request will go directly to the server with what the client wants. However, reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, protecting the server from direct communication to the open internet.

From a consumer's point of view the experience of interacting with reverse proxy isn't any different than using the server itself. It's exactly the same but the client isn't able to distinguish between the two. Clients can request the resource, and is provided with it, without any additional configuration needed on the part of the client.

Reverse proxy providers provide services such as:

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  Centralized security for the web server layer.
  
  
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  Traffic coming into your site is routed according to the rules you establish.
  
  
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  The caching feature has been added to the app.
  
  

While centralized security can be a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse proxy providers this feature at the layer of web servers, but not the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on Web server layers which may include several servers that have different configurations, the bulk of the firewall security is concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, getting rid of the burden of interacting with firewalls and responding to requests from customers outside of web servers lets them concentrate on meeting the requirements of their clients.

If there are multiple servers operating through a reverse proxy the reverse proxy also takes care of directing the flow of requests to each server. There may be many web servers offering the same service, each offering different types of resource or a mix of both. They could use the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server. However, they can also include application server protocols like FastCGI. You can configure reverse proxy servers to redirect users to a particular server based on the service they require or to adhere to specific guidelines for traffic load.

Reverse proxies can also be able to benefit from their positioning before web servers, by offering the capability to store data. Massive static resources can be configured using caching rules, so that they avoid Web servers from getting hit on every request. Certain solutions allow you to offer static files directly and without having to connect with the server. In addition, the reverse proxy could be able to handle compression of these assets.

The popular Nginx web server also serves as an effective reverse proxy option. While you can use the Apache web server with reverse proxy features, it is an additional option to Apache while Nginx was originally designed for and is focused specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.

Differentiating the use of reverse and forward proxy The Case

Since "forward" or "reverse" have associations with directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels can be confusing since both kinds of proxy can handle both requests and responses. An alternative method to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy is to study the requirements of the app you're developing.

Reverse proxy could be helpful when creating an application to run websites on the internet. They are your web servers for all interactions over the internet.

Forward proxy can be useful when placed in front of customers either for personal use, or in the corporate setting. They represent the client's information when you interact with them on the internet.

The ability to differentiate by the use of case instead of focusing on the common naming conventions can assist you in avoidance of confusion.

Conclusion

The article explained the meaning of a proxy that has two types: the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical use cases along with an examination of the most useful characteristics were used to determine the two types of proxies: forward and reverse. If you're keen to know more about the advantages of proxies, we recommend you read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx for use as a web server as well as reverse proxy in Apache running on the Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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