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The term "proxy" means the notion of a proxy frequently called proxy server software that functions as an intermediary between a client and server via the internet. Without proxy, a user could send a request to the server directly, and the server would serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and use, proxies can provide advantages like more speed and security, privacy, and so on. As a pass-through layer the proxy functions as a guardian to the internet between users and servers.

In general, the system of server hardware coupled with the software used to install proxy is often called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically considered to be software and specifically in relation with web server. We will provide a brief overview of the two principal kinds of proxies, which is the reverse proxy as well as a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own application scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the common terminology.

This article will give you an idea of what proxies as well as their subtypes are and the ways they can be useful in a range of configurations. If you read this article you'll discover instances where the use of proxy servers is beneficial and identify the best choice between forward and reverse proxy in any given situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy is also referred to in the context of an open proxy, acts as the representative of the client who is trying to transmit requests via the internet to an source server. In this situation, any attempt to send requests from the user's side will be sent via an forward proxy. Forward proxy taking place of the client examines the request. It will then determine whether the client is permitted to make requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then orally reject a request and transfer it on to the source server. The client isn't able to connect directly to internet. It can only reach what the forward proxy permits for it to reach.

The most popular reason to use forward proxies is to improve security or privacy when surfing the internet. A forward proxy can be used to access the internet, instead of the client. In this manner, it is using an IP address that is different from the IP address used by the client.

Based on the way it's configured, and how it is configured forward proxy could offer a variety of features that allow users to:

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  Beware of ads-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine limitations based on your geographic place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies can also be used for security systems that are centralized and access dependent on permissions, for instance in a workplace. If all internet traffic goes through a common forward proxy layer, an administrator could limit access for only a select group of users to the internet that is then filtered through the common firewall. Instead of establishing filters for client layers which could be used by multiple computers with different settings and types of users, there is a way to have an firewall that is located in the layer that forwards proxy traffic.

Take note of the fact that forward proxies require manual configuration to be used, whereas reverse proxies are able to remain unnoticed by clients. Based on whether or not the IP address of a user is relayed to the server that originated it by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or denied.

There are numerous possibilities to think about when it comes to forward proxies.

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  Apache An open source, well-known web server that comes with forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another widely used open-source webserver, which includes forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid: A no-cost forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It doesn't come with the complete web server. Follow our steps on how to configure Squid proxy to allow private connections to Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to -peer traffic. You might also want to check out how to configure Dante proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy serves in the capacity of an intermediary for server on the internet, which processes requests from customers on its behalf. This server can represent either a single or multiple servers. It could also represent an application server like Gunicorn. In any case the request will be made via the internet in general. Typically, the request is sent directly to the server which hosts the resources that the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary and isolates Web servers from any direct interactions with the web's public.

From the point of view of the individual client's perspective the process of utilizing reverse proxy isn't any different than interacting with the server by itself. It's exactly the same however the client is unable to be able to discern the distinction. Client makes a request for the resource and then receives it, without additional configuration required by the client.

Reverse proxies provide features like:

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  The server for the web is secure centrally.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic coming in is according to the rules you establish.
  
  
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  A new feature for caching is now available.
  
  

While centralized security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxy providers offer this feature to only the server layer and not the client layer. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at the server layer that may contain several servers, each with different configurations, the majority of security for firewalls is concentrated in the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the burden of interacting with a firewall and connecting to requests from clients away from web servers allows firewalls to concentrate on providing the requirements of their customers.

When there is a multitude of servers being hosted within a reverse proxy this reverse proxy will be accountable for the way requests are routed at which server. Many web servers may be offering the same service, but offering different kinds of resources, or a mix of the two. They may employ the HTTP protocol to serve as an ordinary web server but can also include applications server protocols like FastCGI. You can also set up a reverse proxy to direct users to a specific server based on the resource requested or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies can also benefit by their positioning in front of web servers, by providing caching capabilities. Large static assets can be set by caching rules to ensure that web servers are not hit with every request. There are solutions allowing users to serve static files without having to connect with the server on any manner. Additionally, reverse proxy can manage compressing these assets.

The renowned Nginx web server can also function as an effective reverse proxy service. While Apache is also a reverse proxy solution however, the Apache web server comes equipped with a reverse proxy functionality which is an additional feature available to Apache However, Nginx was originally designed to specifically focus on reverse proxy capabilities.

The distinction between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" come with connotations of directionality as well as misleading analogies to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing as both types of proxies deal with the processing of requests and replies. A better approach to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy is to analyze the requirements of the program you're developing.

A reverse proxy is useful in the development of a solution to deliver web-based applications on the internet. They are your web servers when you interact using the internet.

Forward proxy are useful when used before customers to use for personal purposes or in a professional setting. They are your client's proxy when you interact with the internet.

Distinguishing by use case instead of solely focusing on naming conventions that are commonplace can assist you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article explains what a proxy is and provides two types: forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Examples of how to use it and a brief overview of advantageous features were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the use of proxy servers, you should check out our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as a reverse proxy by using Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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