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The term "proxy" is a reference to the fact that a proxy or proxy server is an application which serves as an intermediary between client and server via the internet. Without the use of a proxy, a user could make a request for the resource directly to a server, and then the server will provide direct access to that resource. Although this approach is simple to comprehend and implement using proxy servers, it does offer advantages in terms of improved performance privacy, security, and more. In addition, a pass-through a proxy serves as a security guardian for the internet between servers and clients.

In general, the combination of server hardware and proxy software is commonly called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically described as software, as well as when referring to web servers. The article will provide an explanation of the two types: that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own unique usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the similar namesake convention.

This article will provide you with the understanding of what subtypes and proxies can do and how they perform in the most typical configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able identify situations in which the use of proxy servers is beneficial, and choose the best option between reverse proxy and forward proxy for any particular scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy sometimes known by the name of open proxy. An open proxy is an agent used by users who are looking to transmit an internet request to an source server. In this case the entire attempt to send requests from the client is sent by the forward proxy. Forward proxy acting in the place of the client will review the request. It first decides if clients are authorized to make requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then deny requests or redirect it to the server that originally made the request. The client does not have direct access to the internet. It can access only the information that forward proxy allows it to access.

The most popular reason for using forward proxy is the need for greater privacy or security when surfing the web. A forward proxy links to the internet, not the client and, in this process, it uses an IP address that is distinct from the original IP address of the client.

Based on the way it is configured, the forward proxy will provide a variety of functions depending on the configuration, which lets you:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on your area.
  
  

Forward proxies may also be utilized in systems that offer central security and access based on permissions like in workplaces. If all internet traffic is routed via an open forward proxy an administrator is able to restrict access to only certain clients to the internet. This is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of creating firewalls for this layer of clients that may comprise multiple computers with different settings and users, the firewall can be set up at the layer that forwards proxy traffic.

It is important to be aware of the fact that forward proxies require manual configuration to be used, while reverse proxies may be ignored from the clients. Depending on the type of IP address the user, it is sent to the server which originated it through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.

There are many options to consider when considering forward proxy choices:

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  Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which provides forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open source web server with forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It doesn't come with the entire Web server. We have a tutorial on how you can use Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more to handle situations like peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts as acting as an agent on behalf of a server on the internet that handles incoming requests from clients for. The web server can consist of a single server or multiple servers. It may also act in the role of an application server such as Gunicorn. In all cases, the request will come via the internet, generally. In the majority of cases, requests will then be sent direct to a server hosting the information that the user is seeking. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, detaching this webserver from direct interactions with the internet's open.

From the point of view of the user, the experience of working with reverse proxy is no different than interacting with the webserver in direct contact. It's basically the same however the client cannot discern the distinction. The client sends an order for an item, and then receives it without any extra configuration from the user.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Security centralized on webservers.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic that is entering is based on rules you can set up.
  
  
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  The caching function has been added to the app.
  
  

While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this advantage only to the server layer, not to the layer of clients. Instead of having to maintain firewalls that are on the web server layer, which could contain several servers with different configurations, the majority protection of the firewall is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the burden of interfacing with firewalls as well as responding to requests from clients without web servers allows them to concentrate on the requirements of their clients.

When there's multiple servers running within a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is responsible for the direction of which requests are directed towards which servers. There could be several web servers providing the exact same service, but each offering different kinds of resources or a mixture of both. They can use the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, however they may also be equipped with application server protocols like FastCGI. There is the possibility to set up reverse proxy services to redirect users to specific servers according to the requested resource, or to conform to certain guidelines regarding the amount of traffic.

Reverse proxies also benefit from their positioning over web servers, by providing the capability to store information. Large static assets can be configured with caching rules to avoid from hitting web servers with each request. Certain solutions allow users to upload static files directly, without having to connect to a web server in any way. In addition, reverse proxy is able to compress these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server is also used as a well-known reverse proxy option. Even though Apache can also be regarded as a reverse proxy solution however, it is not a reverse proxy solution. Apache web server has a reverse proxy feature as an additional option to Apache while Nginx was initially developed for and focused specifically on reverse proxy features.

The difference between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Examples

Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are often associated with a sense of directionality, and false comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic can be confusing since both types of proxy servers handle the process of responding to requests. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to examine the requirements of the application you're developing.

A reverse proxy could be beneficial in the creation of a solution to provide web-based applications over the internet. They are your web servers whenever you use the internet.

Forward proxy is useful when it is placed before clients to use for personal purposes, or in a work setting. They represent your client's traffic whenever you connect to the internet.

A case-based approach to distinction rather than using commonly used naming conventions can assist in avoidance of confusion.

Conclusion

This article clarified the meaning of a proxy with the two types of proxy that are forward as well as the reverse one. Examples of how to use them and a discussion of most beneficial features were used to distinguish between reverse and forward proxies. If you're interested in exploring the use for proxy servers you can learn how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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