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It is an proxy frequently known as proxy server. It is a software that sits as a middleman between the user and server on the web. Without proxy, a user would make a request a resource directly to a server and it would serve the requested resource directly to the user. This is not difficult to understand and implement the addition of proxies can bring advantages such as improved performance and privacy, security and so on. As a further layer of pass-through, they serve as a security barrier on the internet, separating clients and servers.

It is generally accepted that the collection of server hardware along with the software for proxy installation is commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies that are typically thought of as software and in connection with web server. The article will offer details of the two main kinds of proxies. They include a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use case, often confused because of the similar the naming convention.

This article will provide you with an understanding of nature of proxies and subtypes, and how they function in typical setups. Through this guide, you'll learn how to identify the circumstances where the use of proxies is beneficial, and select the right option, based on reverse and forward proxy, for each situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

In other words, a forward proxy sometimes called an open proxy serves as the representative of a customer who wishes to forward requests via the internet to an origin server. In this scenario, all attempts to send requests made by the client are instead sent to the forward proxy. In this situation, the forward proxy instead that of the user will review the request. First, it must determine whether the client is authorized to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. The client will either decline any request or forward it to its origin server. The client does not have direct connection to the internet It can only connect to the internet that the forward proxy allows the client to access.

The primary reason for people for using forward proxies is to improve privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy uses the internet instead of a client, and in that process it may use a different IP address to the client's original IP address.

Based on the way it's configured, and based on the way it is configured, forward proxy may offer various features and also the capability to:

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  Do not be a victim of ad tracking.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find limitations based on the geographic place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used in systems that offer centralized security and access that is based on permissions like at work. If all traffic on the internet flows through an open forward proxy layer an administrator could grant access only to specific users to the internet filtered by the common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls installed for the client layer which could include several devices that have various settings, users and settings, a firewall can be installed at this forward proxy layer.

Be aware that forward proxy servers need to be manually configured for use before they can be used, while reverse proxy servers can be disregarded by clients. Depending on whether your IP address user is transferred to the server of origin through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity can be provided or rendered transparent.

There are many options to consider to find forward proxy options

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  Apache: A popular open-source web server, which offers forward proxy functionality.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver with forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Squid: A no-cost forward proxy based on the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't include the full web server. Check out our article on the best method of creating Squid proxy to allow private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to look into how to configure an Dante proxy to connect privately on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts in the role of an intermediary for web servers, taking care of the incoming requests of customers on behalf of the server. Web servers can be comprised of one server or multiple servers. In addition, it could serve as an application server like Gunicorn. In both cases, the request may come from a customer via the internet at large. In most cases, the request will be directly to the server which has the resources that the customer is in need of. Instead, a reverse proxy works as an intermediary in order to protect your web server from interactions with the open internet.

From a client's perspective the experience of interacting with reverse proxy isn't different than communicating directly with your webserver. It's functionally identical, and the user is unable to discern the difference. Client requests a resource and receives it without any additional configuration required from the user.

Reverse proxies provide functions like:

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  Centralized security to web server.
  
  
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  The sending of traffic according to rules you can set up.
  
  
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  New feature added to caching.
  
  

While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy, the reverse one offers this service to only the server layer, and not to the layer that clients use. Instead of focusing on the maintenance of firewalls at the web server layer, which could contain multiple servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security can be centered on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the responsibility of interacting with firewalls and interacting with client requests far from web servers permits them to focus solely on addressing the needs of their customers.

If there are multiple servers that are behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also responsible for deciding which requests go on which server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the identical service, with different types of resources or a mix of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server, but they can also be equipped with application server protocols like FastCGI. A reverse proxy to send clients to specific servers depending on the kind of resource they're seeking, or to adhere to specific rules for traffic volume.

Reverse proxies also take advantage of their placement on top of web servers by offering the possibility of storing information. Large static files can be set up with caching policies to avoid hitting web servers with each request. Some solutions providing the option to serve static content directly without touching the server. Additionally reverse proxy is capable of the compression of these assets.

The popular Nginx webserver is an effective reverse proxy option. Although it is factual that Apache web server comes with an reverse proxy however, it's a separate feature of Apache but Nginx was designed originally for and focuses on reverse proxy functions.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use

Since "forward" as well as "reverse" can be interpreted as directionality, they can be misleading when comparing "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels can be confusing since both types of proxies are capable of handling requests as well as responses. Instead, a better way to distinguish between reverse as well as forward proxies would be to study the requirements of the app that you are developing.

Reverse proxy is a crucial feature when designing a solution that can provide web-based applications over the internet. They act as your servers when you are connected to the internet.

Forward proxy can be useful when placed in front of individuals for personal use or even in a business environment. They represent your clients when you are on the internet.

A case-based approach to differentiation instead of focusing solely on similar naming conventions will help you avoid confusion.

Conclusion

The article described what a proxy is along with the two types of them being the both reverse and forward proxy. Practical application scenarios and a review of the most useful features were utilized to differentiate between forward and reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the benefits of proxies then you should read our guide on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy in Apache in Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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