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It's also known as a proxy or proxy server, is a software program for servers which acts as an intermediary between the server and the client on the internet. Without an intermediary, a customer could send a request or resource to the server directly and the server would serve direct the resource requested to the client. While this procedure is easy to understand and implement using proxy servers, it does offer advantages in the form of higher performance as well as privacy, security and many more. As a layer of pass-through, the proxy serves as a guardian of the internet between clients and servers.

Generally speaking, the bundled combination of server hardware and software used to set up proxy installations is often referred as proxy servers. In this post, we'll concentrate on proxies that are typically thought of as software, as well as the ones used to complement web servers. We will provide a description of two types of proxies: forward proxy and a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own application scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the similar naming convention.

This article will provide you with some understanding about what proxies and subtypes of them are, and also what they can do for common setups. Through this article, you will be able to determine the situations in which an effective proxy is beneficial, and choose the best option between reverse and forward proxy to suit your needs in any given circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

In other words, a forward proxy or an open proxy is the representative of a client which is attempting to send a request via the internet to the server from which it originated. In this case, all request to send it from the client will instead be made by the forward-proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy acting in the in the place of the customer will review the request. First, it will establish whether the client is authorized to send requests to this particular forward proxy. The forward proxy will then deny this request and send it back to the original server. The client is unable to connect directly to the internet; it can only reach what the forward proxy gives it access to.

One of the most frequent uses for forward proxies is the increased privacy or anonymity online. A forward proxy can be utilized to connect to the internet place of a client and, in doing so, could use an alternate IP address that is different from the IP address that was originally assigned to the client.

Depending on how it's been set up in the past forward proxy servers may perform a variety of tasks and permit you to:

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  Avoid ad tracking.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can identify limitations based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used to secure systems that are centralized and have permission-based access for instance, in the workplace. If all internet traffic flows through a common forward proxy layer, administrators can restrict access to certain users to the internet, which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls in place for the client layer, which could comprise a range of devices that are different in user and environmental settings and environment, a firewall may be placed on the intermediate layer.

Be aware that forward proxies must be manually set up for use, however reverse proxies will be not noticed in the eyes of the customer. Based on the fact that the IP address of a client is transmitted to the origin server through the forward proxy, privacy and security may be granted or ignored.

There are several possibilities to look into to find forward-looking proxy services:

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  Apache is an well-known open-source web server, which provides forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source web hosting server with forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy which utilizes the HTTP protocol. This option doesn't include the entire web server. We have a tutorial on how you can set up Squid proxy for private connection to Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it more appropriate for scenarios like peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to look at how to set up Dante proxy to connect privately on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy functions as an agent of a web server that handles any requests that are received by clients on its behalf. This server can consist of a single server or even multiple servers. It could also serve in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, it is possible to get a request from a client via the internet at large. The majority of the time, this request will go directly to the server that hosts the resources the client requires. Reverse proxy is an intermediary, which separates Web server from direct communication with the internet.

From a user's perspective, which is from a user's point of view using reverse proxy isn't that different from connecting directly to your webserver. It's the same thing, however clients can't discern the difference. The customer makes a request for an item, and it is delivered without any additional configuration that needs to be completed by the client.

Reverse proxy proxy servers can offer some features, including:

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  A centralized layer of security that guards the server.
  
  
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  Controlling traffic coming inbound according to rules you can set up.
  
  
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  A new feature for caching is now available.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse proxies provide this benefit to the web server layer, not clients. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at the web server layer, which might contain several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is targeted at the reverse proxy layer. In addition, the absence of interfacing with firewalls as well as interacting with client requests off of web servers enables them to concentrate solely on meeting the requirements of their clients.

If there are several servers running through reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also handles how requests are routed on which server. Many web servers may be offering the same content, but they may offer different kinds of content or a mix of them. They may be using the HTTP protocol similar to a traditional web server, however, they may also include protocols for applications such as FastCGI. You can also configure reverse proxy in order to redirect the clients towards specific servers based on the resource requested or to adhere to certain rules for traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can benefit from their positioning in front of web servers by providing the ability to cache data. Large static files can be configured with caching rules to stop the server from getting hit on each request Certain solutions offer the option to provide static files directly without touching the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy could be able to handle compressing these files.

The well-known Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy service. Although Apache is also a reverse proxy solution, the Apache web server is equipped with a reverse proxy feature and is an alternative option. Apache as opposed to Nginx was originally designed and was designed specifically for reverse proxy functions.

Distinguishing Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Situations

Because "forward" along with "reverse" are ascribed to a sense of directionality, and a false comparison between "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because each type of proxy handles the flow of requests as well as responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy services is to think about the needs of the application that you are developing.

A reverse proxy is useful in the design of a solution that can provide web-based applications on the internet. They are your web servers in all interactions with the internet.

A forward proxy can be helpful when placed in front of client traffic for your personal use or in a work environment. They represent your client traffic when you use the internet.

The use case distinction instead of focusing on the similar naming conventions will assist in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article explains the definition of a proxy, with the two primary types being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Examples of practical applications and a review of important characteristics were used to determine forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested in knowing more about how to implement proxies you can check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as a reverse and web server proxy using Apache using an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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