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"proxy" is a term used to describe a server "proxy" means a proxy often known as a proxy server is software that functions to act as an intermediary for a client and server on the internet. Without a proxy, a client could send a request to an online server, and the server would serve an item directly for the client. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement, adding proxies offers advantages such as more performance and security, privacy, and so on. As a pass-through layer the proxy serves as a shield for the internet between clients and servers.




It is generally accepted that the combination of server hardware that is paired with the software for proxy installation is usually called proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers which are generally considered to be software but specifically with respect to servers for web. This article will give a synopsis of the two principal kinds of proxies, which is forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type comes with its own use case, and is often misunderstood due to the common terminology.




This article will provide you with an idea of the nature of proxies, as well as their subtypes are and the ways that they can prove useful in a variety of configurations. If you go through this article, you'll discover the circumstances in which the use of proxy servers is beneficial, and then determine the most appropriate alternative between reverse proxy and forward proxy for any particular situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also referred to as the open proxy is the representative of the client trying to send an internet request to a server that is the source. In this case every attempt to send requests by the user will instead be handled by the forward proxy. This forward proxy in place of the client, will examine the request. Then, it will decide whether or not the client is able to make requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then decide whether to reject the request or transfer it on to the source server. The client isn't able to establish a direct connection with the Internet. It can only reach what the forward proxy permits the client to access.




The most common reason to utilize forward proxy servers is to gain greater privacy or security when using the internet. Forward proxy allows you to access the internet instead of the client. In this way, it utilizes an IP address that is different from the IP address that was originally used by the client.




Depending on how it's configured, and how it's set up, forward proxy may offer a variety of features, allowing you to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You will be able to identify any restrictions based upon your geographical location.




Forward proxies are also used to secure systems that are centralized and have access dependent on permissions, for instance at work. In the event that all internet traffic flows through an open forward proxy layer, an administrator might restrict access for just a small number of users to the internet and be filtered by a common firewall. Instead of creating security firewalls on the layer that is used by clients, which could be used by a number of computers that have different settings and types of users, it is possible to have an firewall that is located in the front proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxies must be manually configured for use before they can be used, whereas reverse proxies are able to remain unnoticed by clients. Based on whether or not your IP address a user is relayed to the server of origin by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity are granted or not.




There are numerous possibilities to think about when it comes to forward proxies.




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that has forward proxy capability.


Nginx is another widely-used open-source webserver that includes forward proxy functions.


Squid: A free forward proxy that works with an HTTP protocol. It's not part of the whole web server. Learn more about how to configure Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which allows it to be more suitable for use instances like peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to learn how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts to act as a proxy for server on the internet, which processes requests from customers on behalf of. The server could be a single, or multiple servers. Additionally, it could represent an application server, like Gunicorn. In any case it is possible to send a request through the internet generally. Typically, the request is sent directly to the server which hosts the resources that the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy is a intermediary, and separates the web server from direct interactions with the web's public.




From the point of view of the individual client's viewpoint the process of utilizing reverse proxy is the same than interacting with the server in its own way. It's exactly the same however the client cannot see the difference. Client requests the resource and is then supplied with it, without additional configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxies provide features like:




The server for the web is secure centrally.


Incoming traffic is directed by rules you have set.


A new feature to cache has been added.




While centralized security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy servers. However, reverse proxies provide this feature to only the server layer but they do not offer this feature to clients. instead of maintaining firewalls on the server level which could contain multiple servers, each with different configurations, the majority of security for firewalls is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the responsibility of communicating with a firewall and connecting to client requests off web servers allows the firewall to concentrate on providing the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers located within a reverse proxy this reverse proxy will be also accountable for the way requests are routed to the server that is hosting them. Many web servers may be providing the same service, but offering different kinds of resources, or a combination of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol to function as an ordinary web server however they can also use application server protocols such as FastCGI. You can also set up reverse proxy settings to send users to specific servers based on the requested resource or to follow certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit by their positioning in front of web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static assets may be configured by caching rules to prevent hitting web servers each time you request. There are solutions allowing you to serve directly static assets without connecting with the server on any manner. Additionally, reverse proxy is able to compress these assets.




The renowned Nginx web server can also function as a powerful reverse proxy solution. Even though Apache is also a reverse proxy solution however, the Apache web server is fitted with reverse proxy function which is an additional feature available to Apache however Nginx was originally designed specifically for reverse proxy capabilities.



The distinction in Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and misleading comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, these labels can be confusing as both types of proxies deal with both requests as well as responses. A better approach to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy is to study the requirements of the application that you're creating.




Reverse proxy can be useful when you are developing a solution to deliver web-based applications on the internet. They act as your web servers when you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy can be helpful when you are to present your customers' information to use for personal purposes or in a professional setting. They are your client's proxy for interactions on the internet.




Differentiating by case of use instead of focusing solely on the common naming conventions will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes what a proxy is and provides two types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical examples of use and a review of the advantageous features were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about proxy servers, read our guide on how to configure Nginx as a reverse proxy using Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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