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It's an proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It's a program that functions to act as mediator between client and server over the internet. Without a proxy, a user can send requests for every resource straight to the server and the server will deliver the resource directly for the client. Although this method is simple to understand and implement, the addition of proxies could bring advantages in the form of increased performance as well as privacy, security and many other benefits. As a pass-through layer a proxy serves as an extra layer of security on the internet between servers and clients.




The consensus is that the combination of server hardware and software for proxy installation is usually referred to by the name of proxy servers. However, this article will concentrate on proxy servers which are generally considered to be software, as well as within the context of web servers. The article will provide a detailed discussion of the two principal kinds of proxy servers, which include a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. They each have their own usage situation, and is often misunderstood because of the similar terms.




This article will provide you with some knowledge about what proxies are and what subtypes they are and how they operate in common configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able to determine the circumstances that you can gain by a proxy, and select the most appropriate reverse and forward proxy options for each scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known by the name of open proxy. open proxy serves as the representative of a user who would like to send a request via the internet to a source server. In this scenario, the entire attempt to send requests by the user will be forwarded by the forward-proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client will examine the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is permitted to accept requests through this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to reject an request and forward it to the original server. The client is not capable of having an internet connection directly. It can access only what forward proxy allows for it to be connected to.




A popular use for forward proxies is to gain more privacy or protection online. Forward proxy can be used to access the internet in instead of a client and in this manner it can use an IP address that is different from the client's original IP address.




Depending on how it has been set up the forward proxy will offer various functions based upon the way it has been configured, which allows you to:




Stay clear of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions that are based on your area.




Forward proxies can also be used to secure systems that are centralized and permission-based access like in a workplace. The entire internet can be passed via the open forward proxy, an administrator could permit just a few users access to the internet via a common firewall. Instead of setting up security firewalls on the server layer, that could include a variety of computers with different settings and users A firewall can be placed at an forward proxy layer.




It is vital to note that forward proxy servers must be manually set up to be used, however reverse proxies remain undetected by the clients. Depending on the type of IP address of a user is transferred to the server from which it originated by forward proxy privacy and anonymity might be granted, or if it is left unnoticed.




There are a myriad of options to consider forward proxy options




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server that provides forward proxy features.


Nginx is a popular open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. It doesn't come with an entire Web server software. Check out our instructions on setting up Squid proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer communication. It's also worth taking a look examine how you can setup an Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



The reverse proxy acts as the server, which handles requests from clients instead. The web server can serve as a one server or multiple servers. In addition, it could be used in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request will come from a user via the internet. The request is typically sent directly to the web server, which has the resources that the user needs. Instead, a reverse proxy works as an intermediary and shields it from any direct interaction with the internet's open.




From the point of view of the client, interfacing via reverse proxy isn't different from connecting to the web server directly. It's functionally the same and the user doesn't see the distinction. Clients make requests for resources that is then followed by receiving it without any extra configuration required from the user.




Reverse proxies offer features like:




Security centralized for web servers.


Sending traffic to be directed according to rules that you define.


Additional features for caching.




While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxy servers provide this benefit to the web server layer, but not the layer that clients use. Instead of maintaining firewalls in the web server layer which could contain several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security may be centered at the reverse proxy layer. In addition eliminating the hassle of dealing with firewalls and interfacing with clients who request information from web servers allows them to focus on serving the resources.




If multiple servers are operating in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also handles the way requests are routed to which server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the same service, all offering different kinds of resources, or a combination of both. They may utilize the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server, but they could also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy servers to direct users to specific servers based upon the requested resource or to follow certain guidelines regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can profit by their position on top of web servers, as they provide caching capabilities. Massive static resources can be set up using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers with each request, with certain solutions providing the option to provide static files without having to connect to the web server once. In addition, the reverse proxy is able to handle the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx website server also a very popular reverse proxy service. Although Apache can also be a reverse proxy solution however, it is not a reverse proxy solution. Apache web server also has reverse proxy capabilities as an option that can be added to Apache however Nginx was originally designed for and focused on reverse proxy functionality.



Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations of directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic These labels are prone to confusion since both kinds of proxy handle responses and requests. Better yet, the best method of separating between forward and reverse proxy is to analyze the specifications of the application you're creating.




Reverse proxy is an essential feature when you are creating a solution for serving web-based applications via the internet. They are your web servers for any interaction on the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful for use in front of customers for your own usage, or even in a workplace. They are your client's proxy via any communication with the internet.




Utilizing use cases to differentiate as opposed to focusing only on the common name conventions makes it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained the meaning of a proxy, with the two primary types being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios to use them as well as a discussion of most useful features were utilized to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're looking to know more about the benefits of proxies, then you can read our tutorial on how to install Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy with Apache in Ubuntu 20.04 Server. Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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