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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy as well as a proxy server a server software that acts in the role of an intermediary client and server over the internet. Without a proxy, a user could send a request for resources direct to the server, and the server would provide the requested resource directly for the client. Although this method is easy to comprehend and utilize, using proxies has benefits like improved performance, privacy, security, and more. As a further layer of pass-through, the proxy acts as a security layer for the internet between clients and servers.




In general, the equipment of servers with the installed proxy software is also often referred too as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on the types of proxies that are typically thought as software, and specifically, in relation to servers on the internet. The article will offer details of two types, namely one being a forward proxy and the reverse. reverse proxy. Each type has its own application, and is often confused due to the overlapping terminology.




This article will give you the information on what proxies are and what their subtypes are and how they work with a range of configurations. In this article, you'll be able to determine the circumstances in which the use of proxies is advantageous, and choose the correct solution between forward and reverse proxy in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



A forward proxy, also called an open proxy is a means of intermediary for a client trying to make a connection via the internet to connect to a source server. In this scenario, the entire process of sending requests by the user is made through the forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client, will look into the request. At the beginning, it will decide whether this client can accept requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then reject requests or redirect it to the origin server. The client isn't allowed direct access to the internet. It has access to only what the forward proxy permits for it access to.




A common use case of forward proxies is to gain greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy accesses the internet using the user and, in doing so, it may use an alternative IP address that is different to the client's original IP address.




Based on how it's been set up according to the way it was configured, a forward proxy could offer a wide range of options and let you:




Do not click on ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that rely on central security as well as permission-based access, such as in workplaces. When all internet traffic passes through an open forward proxy layer, administrators are able to grant access only to a select group of individuals to access the web. This is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls on the layer of clients which can be used by several computers with different configurations and users and environments, a firewall could be installed at this layer to forward proxy data.




It is crucial to keep in mind that forward proxy servers must be configured manually and reverse proxies could go unnoticed by the client. Based on the type of the IP address that a user is transmitted to the server from where it was received by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or not.




There are several possibilities to look into for forward proxy possibilities:




Apache A well-known, open-source web server that provides forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another well-known open source server for web hosting that has forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy based on the HTTP protocol. It's not the complete Web Server System. It is possible to refer to our step-by-step guide on how to installing Squid proxy to enable private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which allows it to be more appropriate for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. You may also want to learn how to setup a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary to web servers, which handles any requests that come in from customers on its behalf. The web server could function as a single server or a number of servers. Furthermore, it could serve as an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any case, a request would come from the Internet at large. Typically the request will be sent directly to the server, containing the information that the user is seeking. The reverse proxy serves as an intermediary protecting the server from direct contact to the open internet.




From the consumer's point view the experience of interacting using reverse proxy isn't much different from working with the server by itself. It's the same, but the client isn't able to distinguish between the two. Clients can request the resource and receive it, without any additional configuration needed on the part of the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features such as:




Security centralized for web servers.


Incoming traffic is directed according to the rules you establish.


The caching functionality is now available to users.




While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this feature to the web server layer, but not the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on Web server layers, which could include several servers that have different configurations, the bulk of the firewall security could be focused at reverse proxy layers. In addition, getting rid of the responsibility of working with firewalls as well as interacting with requests from clients outside of web servers allows them to focus on delivering the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers operating as a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy takes care of directing the flow of requests to each server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the same service, each offering different types of resource or a combination of both. These servers could be running the HTTP protocol, which is a standard web server. But, they may include other protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is possible to configure a reverse proxy to direct visitors to specific server depending on the service requested or to adhere to specific guidelines for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also be able to benefit from their position ahead of web servers, offering the capability to store data. The large static files can be managed by caching rules so that they do not prevent the web server from being hit every time a request is made. Certain solutions allow you to upload static files directly, and without having to connect with the server. Additionally the reverse proxy may be able to handle compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server also serves as an effective reverse proxy service. Although it, Apache web server has reverse proxy features, it is an additional option to Apache while Nginx was initially designed and specifically designed for reverse proxy features.



The distinction between Between Forward and Reverse Proxy Examples



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations of directionality, as well as false comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic, the labels could be confusing because both types of proxies are able to handle both requests and responses. Another method of separating between forward and reverse proxy is to look at the specifications of the application that you are creating.




Reverse proxy could be useful when building a solution to serve websites on the internet. They are your web servers for all interactions over the internet.




Forward proxy is useful when it is placed in front of customers either for personal use, or in the corporate setting. They represent the client's information when you interact with them on the internet.




Distinguishing by use case instead of focusing on the common naming conventions can assist you in avoidance of confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified the significance of a proxy with two types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical examples of use as well as an examination of beneficial features were used to define the two kinds of proxy which are reverse and forward. If you're looking to know more about the advantages of proxies, then we suggest you read our guide on how to configure Nginx to function as an Internet server and reverse proxy on Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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