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It's proxy, also known as a proxy, also called a proxy server. It is software that acts in the role of an intermediary a server and a client over the internet. Without the proxy, a customer can send a request to the server directly and the server would then provide an item directly to the client. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and implement using proxies, it can bring advantages in terms greater performance and privacy, security and many more. In addition, a pass-through proxy acts as a security guardian of the internet between clients and servers.




The general collection of hardware used by servers and the software that is installed for proxy servers is frequently called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically described as software, and within the context of web servers. This article will present an extensive description of two main types: a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage situation, however they often get confused because of the identical namesake convention.




This article will give you information on what proxies are and what their subtypes are, and how they work in common configurations. In this article, you'll be able identify scenarios where you could benefit from a proxy and select the right solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy for any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known as an open proxy serves as an intermediary for a customer who wants to send a request through the internet to an original server. In this case, it's the situation that all requests sent by the client would rather be handled by an forward proxy. A forward proxy acting in place of the client, will examine the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is permitted to send requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either deny the request or forward it to the original server. The client doesn't get direct internet access. It can only reach what forward proxy permits for it to reach.




A very common applications of forward proxies is to improve privacy or anonymity on the internet. Forward proxy utilizes the internet as the client. In this way, it can utilize an alternate IP address that is different to the client's initial IP address.




Based on the way it has been configured and the way it's configured forward proxy can offer a number of options and allow you to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic area.




Forward proxies are also utilized in systems that offer central security and access via permissions, like in workplaces. When all internet traffic goes through a common forward proxy, an administrator can grant only a small number of users online access, which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in place for the client layer which can include multiple machines with different configurations and users the firewall can be placed on the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




Note that forward proxies need to be manually setup to be used, while reverse proxies may not be noticed to the user. Based on the type of IP address the customer, if it is relayed back to the origin server via forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or left unnoticed.




There are many possibilities to consider to find forward proxy alternatives




Apache An open source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy functions.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server with forward proxy features.


Squid is a free forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide a complete web server service. It is possible to refer to our step-by-step guide on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which makes it more suitable for use cases like peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to learn how to install a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy serves as a proxy for a web server that handles incoming requests from clients on behalf of. The web server could be a single server or multiple servers. It could also function for application servers such as Gunicorn. In any case, the request will come in via the internet at large. In most cases, the request will go directly to the server along with the information the client requires of. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, and separates it from direct interactions with the open internet.




From a client's perspective the experience of interacting with reverse proxy is not different than interacting with a website server in direct contact. It's the same thing, and the client doesn't know the distinction. The client asks for this resource and it then gets it, with no extra configuration needed from the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is secured centrally.


Sending traffic to be directed in accordance with rules you decide to determine.


Additional functionality for caching.




Central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web layer servers, but not to the client layer. Instead of implementing firewalls on the web server layer which may include multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security lies on the layer of reverse proxy. Additionally eliminating the responsibility of communicating with firewalls as well as communicating requests from clients who aren't connected to web servers allows them to concentrate on delivering the needs of their clients.




In the case of multiple servers running through a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also responsible for directing which requests pass via which server. Multiple web servers could be providing the exact same resource, offering various kinds of resources or a combination of both. They can use the HTTP protocol similar to traditional web servers, however they may also include application server protocols such as FastCGI. It is possible to configure reverse proxy services to redirect clients to specific servers based on the resource requested or to follow specific guidelines for traffic load.




Reverse proxies may also profit from their placement prior to web servers, providing caching functions. Large static files can be arranged by caching rules, avoiding having to call web servers for every request. There are even options allowing you to directly serve static content without touching the web server for any reason. In addition, the reverse proxy can handle the compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server is also used as an extremely popular reverse proxy service. Even though Apache can also be a reverse proxy option however, the Apache web server comes with a reverse proxy that is an additional feature for Apache however Nginx was originally designed to and is focused exclusively on reverse proxy feature.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Examples



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are both associated with a sense of directionality and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxies process requests and responses. Instead, a better way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to study the requirements of the app you're building.




Reverse proxy is a useful tool in the development of an approach to offer web-based services on the internet. They act as your web server every time you use the internet.




Forward proxy applications are beneficial to display clients for personal usage, or even in a corporate setting. They act as your client's proxy for all communications on the internet.




The practice of segregating by use case, instead of using commonly used naming conventions can make it simpler to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes the definition of a proxy along with the two types of proxy, which are the forward proxy as well as the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a discussion of the most beneficial features were used to distinguish forward proxies from reverse. If you'd like to explore the possibilities of proxies, then take a look at our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server within Apache using an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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