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The word "proxy" is a reference to the term "proxy" which refers to proxy or proxy server which is a server application that acts in the role of an intermediary client and server over the internet. Without the use of proxy servers, users can send a request straight to servers, then the server could provide the requested resource directly for the client. This method is simple to understand and use, the addition of proxies can bring benefits like improved performance, privacy, security, and many more. As a further layer of pass-through, the proxy acts as a security layer for the internet between clients and servers.




Generally speaking, the bundled combination of hardware and software for servers with the installed proxy software is also often referred too as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on the types of proxies that are typically thought to be software, and specifically in relation to web servers. The article will provide details of two types that are available, including a forward proxy and the reverse. reverse proxy. Each type has its own use case, often confused because of the similar terminology.




This article will provide the knowledge of the types of proxy and what their subtypes are and the way they work in a variety of configurations. Through this guide, you'll be able to determine the circumstances in which a proxy is beneficial, and choose the correct solution between reverse proxy and forward proxy in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also referred to as an open proxy is a means of intermediary for a client trying to send a request over the internet to an source server. In this scenario, the entire process of sending requests made by the user is made via the forward proxy. Forward proxy that acts as a substitute of the client, will take a look at the request. In the beginning, it will determine if the client is able to handle requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then deny requests or redirect them to the origin server. The client isn't capable of having an internet connection directly. It can access only what the forward proxy allows the client to connect.




One of the most frequent uses for forward proxy is to achieve more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy is able to access the internet using the user and, in doing so, it could use a different IP address in addition to the client's original IP address.




Based on the way it has been set up according to the configuration forward proxy may offer a wide range of options and permit you to:




Do not click on ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that rely on central security as well as permission-based access, such as in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy administrators can allow access only to specific individuals to access the web, which is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls for the client layer which can be used by several computers that have different configurations, environments, a firewall could be added to the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




It is important to remember that forward proxies must be manually configured for use and reverse proxies can be ignored by the client. Depending on the type IP address a client is transmitted to the server where it came from via the forward proxy, anonymity and privacy can be granted or denied.




There are many possibilities to look into forward proxy options:




Apache A popular open-source, well-known web server, that can provide forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source server for web hosting that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It's not the entire web server system. You can refer to our step-by-step guide on how to set up Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this is more appropriate for situations such as peer-topeer traffic. You might also want to look into how to setup the Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary between web servers, which handles incoming requests from customers on behalf of the server. This web server can serve as a single server or as a series of servers. Furthermore, it could be used as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any event the request will be made via the internet at large. Most often the request will be sent directly to the web server with what the client is looking for. The reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, securing the web server from direct communication with the internet's open.




From a user's point of perception, the experience with reverse proxy isn't any different from working with the server on its own. It's exactly the same but the client can't discern the difference. The client is able to make a request for the resource and it receive it, without any additional configuration needed from the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features such as:




Security centralized for web servers.


Traffic coming into your site is routed based upon rules you set.


The caching functionality has been added to the app.




While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxies, reverse proxies provide this feature to the web server layer but not to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls on Web server layers which may comprise multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security can be focused at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally eliminating the responsibility of working with firewalls and responding to requests from customers outside of web servers allows them to concentrate on meeting the requirements of their clients.




If there are multiple servers operating in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is responsible for directing which requests go to which server. There could be multiple web servers offering the identical service, but each providing different types of resource or a mixture of both. These servers can be using the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server. However, they could also be using application server protocols such as FastCGI. You can configure a reverse proxy to direct visitors to specific server depending on the service they require or to follow certain rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also be able to benefit from their position ahead of web servers, offering the capability to store data. Large static assets can be set with caching rules to ensure that they do not prevent Web servers from being hit on every request. Some solutions allowing you to provide static files directly by not connecting with the website server. In addition the reverse proxy can manage the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server also serves as an efficient reverse proxy option. While you can use Nginx, the Apache web server as a reverse proxy as an alternative option for Apache however Nginx was initially designed and is focused specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.



The distinction between the use of reverse and forward proxy The Case



Because "forward" and "reverse" have associations with directionality, as well as false connections with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing as both kinds of proxies are able to handle both requests and responses. An alternative method to differentiate between forward and reverse proxies is to examine the requirements of the application you're creating.




A reverse proxy can be beneficial when designing a solution to serve websites on the internet. They are your web servers for all interactions over the internet.




Forward proxy is useful when it is displayed in front of customers either for your own use or within the corporate setting. It is a way to protect the information of your client every time you use the internet.




Differentiating by case of use instead of focusing solely on standard names can aid you in making sure that there is no confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained the purpose of a proxy that has two types: the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical use cases as well as an examination of beneficial features were used to define the two kinds of proxy which are reverse and forward. If you're looking to know more about the benefits of proxies, we recommend that you go through our guide on how you can install Nginx as an internet server as well as reverse proxy in Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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